A physician who identifies diseases and conditions by studying the structure and characteristics of cells and tissues.

A condition caused by low levels of niacin (a B vitamin) in your blood. Symptoms include diarrhea, scaly skin rash, mental confusion, and inflamed mucus membranes.

Also known as stomach ulcers. Peptic ulcer disease involves sores that develop in the lining of the stomach, lower oesophagus, or small intestine. Symptoms may include stomach pain, bloating, heartburn, and nausea or vomiting.

A therapy that delivers a small protein joined to a radioactive substance (radionuclide) to the surface of cancer cells. Also called hormone-delivered radiotherapy.

Used to treat liver cancer. This therapy involves the injection of pure alcohol through the skin and directly into cancer in the liver. The alcohol then kills the cancer by dehydrating the tissue and stopping its blood supply. Also known as a percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI).

A procedure that involves freezing cancer cells to kill them. A thin surgical instrument called a cryoprobe is inserted through the skin, directly into tumors to freeze them. After treatment, the body’s immune system gets rid of the dead tissue over a few weeks. Also known as cryotherapy or cryosurgery.

Used to treat liver cancer. This therapy involves the injection of pure alcohol through the skin and directly into cancer in the liver. The alcohol then kills the cancer by dehydrating the tissue and stopping its blood supply. Also known as a percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI).

A PET scan is an imaging technique that can show how body tissues are working, as well as what they look like. It can help to diagnose and assess the severity of a cancer. In this scan, a radioactive tracer may be injected, swallowed or inhaled, depending on which organ or tissue is being studied by the PET scan.

The place in the body where a tumor starts.

The original, or first, tumor in the body. Cancer cells can spread from a primary tumor to other parts of the body and form secondary tumors.

Probiotic supplements are live bacteria and yeasts that are good or helpful for your gastrointestinal (digestive) system.

A medical prediction about the probable cause and outcome of a disease.

A measure of the number of cells in a tumor that are dividing (proliferating).

Preventative treatment or action.

The basic building blocks of tissue and other structures in the body. An enzyme is a kind of protein that causes chemical changes in your body.

A form of therapy used to kill cancer cells by damaging their DNA. Radiation can damage normal cells too, so treatment should be carefully planned to decrease side effects.

Uses radiation to treat NETs that have developed in the liver. It is similar to hepatic chemoembolization but instead of chemotherapy it uses radiation to block the blood supply to NET cells in the liver. This process stops the tumor from releasing its hormones into the blood system. Also known as hepatic artery embolization (HAE).

A process which uses heat made by radio waves to kill cancer cells. RFA is given using a probe (electrode) that is injected through the skin into the tumor. The electrical current from the probe heats the cancer cells to high temperatures, which destroys them.

A medical doctor who specialises in diagnosing and treating disease and injury through the use of medical imaging techniques, such as X-rays, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), fusion imaging, and ultrasound.

The use of radiation to treat or diagnose disease.